Sylvania



J. C. K-OPF. GEAR CUTTING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 24, 1919.

6 SHEETSSHEET I.

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J. C. KOPF.

GEAR. CUTTING 'MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED IUNEVZL $919. I 13%,396. Patented June 15,1920.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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WITNESS. n

J. C. KOPF.

GEAR CUTTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION HLED JUNE24, 1919.

,3 Patented June 15,1920,

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

WITNESS: I N V EN TOR.

A TTORNE Y.

J..C. KOPF. GE AB 011mm; MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JUNK-I24, I919- v 1 43,396, Patented J une 15, 1920.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

WITNESS:

A TTORNE Y.

1. c, KOPF. GEAR CUTTING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 24, I919- 1,343,396. I Patented June 15, 1920,

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6- A T=TORNE Y.

UNITED STA orrics.

JOHN c. from, or BELLEVUE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR To THE DUFF MANUFAC- TUBING COMPANY, or PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION o-F PENN SYL'VANIA.

GEAR-CUTTING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 15, 1920.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I JOHN C. Kori, a citizen of theUnited States, and resident of the borough of Bellevue, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Gear-Cutting Machine, of which the following is a specification. 7

The purpose of this invention isto provide a machine for cutting pinions, such as disclosed in my application for patent on mechanical movement, filed May 15, 1919, Serial No. 297 ,238. These pinions, the advantages of which are set forth in the said application, have a constantly varying spiral pitch and a lesser constantly varying helical pitch, together with a constantly varying working face angle, making their manufacture by ordinary agencies impossible. In the movement of the said application, a double conical pinion meshes with a sliding line-contact between two oppositely-driven gears having straight buttress teeth. The present invention affords a method and a simple and efiective machine for cutting pinions of this character economically and with their two sides in perfect symmetry. The method contemplated includes revolving the blank or roughly formed pinion between and against the peripheries of a pair of toothed face-cutting disks while slowly revolving said disks in opposite directions in predetermined ratio to the revolution of the-blank, and producing relative feed between the blank and cutters. In the embodiment of the machine herein illustrated means are provided upon a base for supporting a blank to rotate about a horizontal axis, and a pair of cutter-disks, having buttress teeth and of substantially the size and form of the gears with which the pinion is to mesh, are mounted upon vertical axes on a slide, the blank and cutters being interconnected by gearing to revolve at predetermined ratio and the slide being movable, to cause rela tive approach of the axes.

While the method and machine are particularly advantageous for cutting double spiral pinions and gears, because of the possibility of forming the two sides in one operation in perfect balance, the invention can also be practised, in the form illustrated or in modified form, using one cutter-disk, for the cutting of single gears.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part hereof: V V

F lgure 1 is an elevation of a form of blank from which the pinion is cut;

lflg. 1s a view, partly in elevation and partly in section, of a finished pinion;

F g. 3 1s an end elevation of the same;

F g. 4 1s a plan view of the machine;

F g. 5 is a bottom plan;

F g. 6 is an end elevation;

Fig. 7 1s a vertical section on the line 77 of Fig. 4; I

Fig. 8 is a vertical section on the line 88 of Fig. 4; and

Fig. 9 is a view which illustrates the re lation between the work and the cutters at the completion of the cutting, and also the relatlon between the double spiral pinion and the gears with which it is to mesh.

The machine has a suitable base 1, of hollow boxed form, upon which are spaced standards 2, 3, bearing, respectively, head and tail stocks 4 and 5. A live spindle 6 1s gournaled in the head stock 4 and is prov1 ded in its inner end with a suitable chucksocket 7. The outer end of the live spindle is turned down at 8 to receive rigidly a bevel gear 9 and driving pulley 10. The tail stock 5 contains a dead center 11 having a socketed inner end 12'. The dead center 1s pressed yieldingly inward by a spring 13 coiled about a rod 1 1' secured to the center and passing through an aperture in a fixed end cap 15, outside of which it bears a nut 16 to limit the movement of the center under the action of the spring.

The live spindle and dead center of the rotating blank-holder are adapted to. receive the suitably formed ends of a shaft a bearing a double, conical, stepped blank I). The blank may be integral with the shaft, or otherwise'secured thereto. the pinion to be cut is shown in dotted' lines in Fig. 1 and in full lines in Figs. 2 and 3. As seen in these views; eachv side of the pinion bears a spiral working face a of several convolutions, this working face varying constantly in pitchboth spirally and helically, and being of constantly varying angle.

A horizontal slide 17 has dove-tail engagement with ways 18 on the top of the base between the head and tail stock standards 2 and 3. Bearings 19 and 20 on this slide receive vertical shafts 21 and 22, upon The form of plane. The cutting starts or is soon taking.

place at a plurality of points simultaneously at each side of this plane where the teeth of the cutters touch the blank. As the blank and cutters revolve, these initial cuts are merged into one continuous cut-inclined both spirally and helically. The cut at first is shallow, but is continued deeper and'deeper as the feed movement is continued and as fresh teeth of the cutters continue to arrive at the cutting region to take the place of those which have passed on. The constantly varying helical and spiral pitches and the constantly varying angle of the working faces result from the arc of movement of the buttress teeth of the cutters at the cutting regions, said teeth moving toward the axis of the blank and also lengthwise thereof, and the angular relation of their forward edges to the axis constantly changing, as will be understood by reference to Fig. i.

What I claim as new is:

1. The method of cutting a double-faced pinion of the character described, which comprises revolving a blank between and against the peripheries of a pair of toothed cutting-disks having their axes at the same side of the axis of the blank and perpendicular to a plane containing such axis, while revolving the cutters in opposite directions in predetermined low ratio to the revolution of the blank, and producing relative feed transversely to the axes.

2. The method'of cutting a double-faced pinion of the character described, which comprises revolving a blank between and against the peripheries of a pair of reversed buttress-toothed disks lying substantially in a plane with an axis of the blank and at the same side of such axis, while slowly revolving the cutters in predetermined ratio to the revolution of the blank, and producing relative feed at right angles to all the axes.

3. The method of cutting a double-faced pinion of the character described, which comprises revolving a blank between and against the peripheries of a pair of reversed buttress-toothed disks lying substantially in a plane with an axis of the blank and at the same side of such axis, while slowly revolving the cutters in opposite directions in predetermined ratio to the revolution of the blank, and producing relative feed transversely to the axes.

4. A machine for cutting pinions of the character described, comprising a pair of adjacent oppositely-rotatable cutter-disks mounted on parallel axes and having reversely-disposed buttress teeth, means for holding a blank centrally opposite the cutters for rotation upon a transverse axis,

mechanism for revolving the blank and cut-' ter-disks in predetermined ratio, which is the ratio of the intended gearing, and means for producing relative approach between the axes.

5. A machine for cutting pinions of the character described, comprising a base, a slide thereon, a" pair of cutter-disks having reversely-disposed buttress teeth mounted upon vertical axes on the slide and geared to rotate in opposite directions, a transverse predetermined reduced speed relatively to the revolution ofthe blank, and means for producing relative feed between the blank and cutters. f

7. A machine for cutting a double-faced pinion of the character described, comprising a pair of reversed buttress-toothed cutting disks on parallel axes, means for supporting and revolving a blank centrally opposite the space between the disks upon an axis transverse to the axes thereof, mechanism forrevolving the cutter-disks in opposite directions and at predetermined reduced speed relatively to the revolution of the blank, and means for producing relative feed between the-blank and cutters.

8. A machine for cutting a double-faced concave conical spiral pinion comprising a pair of cutting disks on parallel axes, means for supporting and revolving a blank centrally opposite the space between the disks upon an axis transverse to the axes thereof, mechanism for revolving the cutter-disks at predetermined reduced speed relatively to the revolution of the blank, the ratio being that of the intended gearing, and means for producing relative feed between the blank and cutters at right angles to all the axes.

, JOHN KOPF.

micjul. 44- l5 M. LETH.

GARMENT SUPPORT. AND STRETCHER.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 12, 1920.

1,343,397. Patented June 15, 1920.

I a a Wm 7 MARIUES LETH. 

